Articles on SEO, AI search and measurement. Each one states its sources and when it was last updated.
What an access log line contains, how to match the user agent tokens OpenAI, Anthropic, Perplexity, Google, Bing, Apple and Common Crawl document, how to confirm a request is genuine with published IP ranges or reverse DNS, what to measure, and what logs cannot tell you.
What answer-first writing is, what Google says about writing for its AI features, and a checklist for each section and each page that you can run before you publish.
What Google and Bing document about published and updated dates, dateModified and sitemap lastmod, what counts as a real update, when to refresh or merge a page, and what AI answer engines say about freshness.
What the llms.txt proposal defines, what Google says about it, what the AI crawler documentation from OpenAI, Anthropic and Perplexity says (nothing), and how to decide whether to publish one.
What Anthropic publishes about its three crawlers, robots.txt, its IP list, web search in the Claude apps and the web search tool in the Claude API, what it leaves open about how sources are chosen, and a checklist for being eligible as a cited source.
What Google publishes about the sources behind answers in the Gemini app: grounding in Google Search, the Google-Extended token and what it does not control, the Sources button, and the questions its documentation leaves open. With a checklist.
What Microsoft publishes about Bingbot, grounding, robots meta tags and IndexNow for Copilot, what it leaves open about source selection, and a checklist.
What Perplexity publishes about its crawlers, robots.txt, firewall allowlisting and its new source labels, what it leaves open about how sources are chosen, and a checklist for being eligible as a cited source.
What Shopify and WordPress with WooCommerce generate for you (robots.txt, sitemaps, canonicals, structured data, robots meta), what you can change, and a checklist for Google and AI crawlers, from the platforms’ own documentation.
What GA4’s default AI Assistant channel counts and what it leaves out, how to build a custom channel group or segment when you need your own definition, and what referral data cannot tell you.
What Microsoft's AI Performance report counts across Copilot and Bing's AI summaries, the exact definition of each metric, which part is a sample, and how to turn it into decisions about specific pages.
Original data from eight young sites we measure: how much of their Google visibility happened inside AI features, which pages were shown, and how often Bing and Google moved in opposite directions. With the monthly table to download and the limits stated.